Khusela Amehlo akho kwi-UV Radiation

Nanjengoko ihlobo lifikelela esiphelweni, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokukhusela amehlo akho kwimitha ye-UV unyaka wonke. Ilanga likhupha amandla kuluhlu olubanzi lwamaza obude: ukukhanya okubonakalayo okubonayo, imitha ye-infrared oyiva njengobushushu, kunye nemitha yeultraviolet (UV) ongakwaziyo ukuyibona okanye ukuyiva. Abantu abaninzi bayayazi imiphumo eyingozi yelanga eluswini, kodwa abaninzi abaqondi ukuba ukuchanabeka kwimitha yelanga yeUV kunokuba yingozi emehlweni nasembonweni. Kwaye amehlo ethu akakho nje emngciphekweni ngexesha leenyanga zasehlotyeni. Yonke imihla, nokuba kunelanga okanye kunamafu, ihlobo okanye ubusika, amehlo ethu kunye nombono unokonakaliswa kukuvezwa imitha ye-UV. I-40 pesenti yokukhanya kwe-UV kwenzeka xa singekho elangeni elipheleleyo. Ngaphaya koko, i-UV ebonakalisiweyo iyonakalisa, yonyusa ukuvezwa, kwaye iphinda kabini umngcipheko wakho kwiimeko ezithile njengamanzi okanye ikhephu - umzekelo, amanzi abonakalisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100% yokukhanya kwe-UV kunye nekhephu libonisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-85% yokukhanya kwe-UV.

Yintoni i-UV Radiation?

Ukukhanya okunobude obungaphantsi kwe-400 nm (i-nanometers) kuchazwa njengemitha ye-UV kwaye ihlelwa kwiintlobo ezintathu okanye iibhendi - i-UVA, i-UVB kunye ne-UVC.

• UVC:Ubude bobude: 100-279 nm. Ifunxwe ngokupheleleyo yi-ozone layer kwaye ayibonisi nasiphi na isongelo.
• UVB:Ubude bobude: 280-314 nm. Kuphela ngokuyinxenye ivalwe ngumaleko we-ozone kwaye inokutshisa ulusu kunye namehlo abangela iziphumo ezifutshane kunye nexesha elide emehlweni kunye nombono.
• UVA:Ubude bobude: 315-399 nm. Ayifuntshwa ngumaleko we-ozone kwaye ibangele owona monakalo kwimpilo yamehlo kunye nombono.

Nangona ukukhanya kwelanga kungumthombo oyintloko wemitha ye-UV, izibane ezikhanyayo kunye neebhedi zikwangumthombo wemitha ye-UV.

Kutheni amehlo akho efuna ukukhuselwa kwi-UV yonke imihla?

Imitha yeUV inokuwonakalisa ngokunzulu amehlo akho. Akukho bungakanani bokuvezwa kwimitha ye-UV esempilweni emehlweni akho.

Ngokomzekelo, ukuba amehlo akho abonakaliswe kwimitha egqithisileyo ye-UVB ngexesha elifutshane, unokufumana i-photokeratitis. Ngokufana "nokushisa kwelanga kwamehlo," awukwazi ukuqaphela nayiphi na intlungu okanye iimpawu kude kube ziiyure ezininzi emva kokuvezwa; nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zibandakanya ubomvu, uvakalelo ekukhanyeni, ukukrazula ngokugqithiseleyo kunye nemvakalelo ye-gritty kwiso. Le meko ixhaphake kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kwiindawo zekhephu ezibonisa kakhulu kwaye zibizwa ngokuba yi-snowblindness. Ngethamsanqa, njengokutshiswa lilanga, oku kudla ngokuba yinto yethutyana kwaye umbono ubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo ngaphandle komonakalo osisigxina.

Ukuba sesichengeni semitha yeUV ixesha elide kunokonakalisa umphezulu weliso (adnexa) kwakunye nezakhiwo zalo zangaphakathi, njengeretina, intambo yeliso etyebileyo esetyenziselwa ukubona. Imitha ye-UV inxulunyaniswe neemeko ezininzi zamehlo kunye nezifo ezifana ne-cataract kunye ne-macular degeneration, ekhokelela ekulahlekelweni okanye ekunciphiseni umbono, kunye nomhlaza wamehlo (uvela melanoma). Ukongeza, umhlaza wolusu kwinkophe okanye kufutshane neliso kunye nokukhula kwiliso (pterygium) kukwanxulunyaniswa ngokuqhelekileyo nokuvezwa kwexesha elide kwimitha ye-UV.

Ungawakhusela njani amehlo akho kwimitha ye-UV?

Ungawakhusela amehlo akho kwimitha ye-UV ngokusebenzisa ukhuseleko lwamehlo olufanelekileyo, ukuthwala umnqwazi okanye ikepusi enomphetho obanzi okanye usebenzisa iilensi ezithile zoqhagamshelwano. Iiglasi zelanga kufuneka zibe nokhuseleko olwaneleyo lwe-UV, zisasaza i-10-25% yokukhanya okubonakalayo kwaye zifunxa phantse yonke imitha ye-UVA kunye ne-UVB. Zifanele zigqunywe ngokupheleleyo, kubandakanywa iilensi ezinkulu ezingenasiphako okanye ukungafezeki. Ukongeza, iiglasi zelanga kufuneka zihlale zinxitywe, naxa isibhakabhaka simnyama, njengoko imitha ye-UV inokudlula emafini. Izikhuselo ezisecaleni okanye ukusonga iifreyimu zezona zilungele ixesha elongeziweyo ngaphandle kunye nokukhanya kwelanga okuqaqambileyo njengoko oku kunokuthintela utyhileko olungalindelekanga.