Vikela Amehlo Akho Emisebeni ye-UV

Ngisho noma ihlobo liphela, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka uvikela amehlo akho emisebeni ye-UV unyaka wonke. Ilanga likhipha amandla ngaphezu kobubanzi obubanzi bamaza: ukukhanya okubonakalayo okubonayo, imisebe ye-infrared oyizwa njengokushisa, nemisebe ye-ultraviolet (UV) ongakwazi ukukubona noma ukuyizwa. Abantu abaningi bayayibona imiphumela eyingozi yelanga esikhumbeni, kodwa abaningi abaqapheli ukuthi ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-UV nakho kungaba yingozi emehlweni nasekuboneni. Futhi amehlo ethu awekho nje engozini phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo. Nsuku zonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi libalele noma liguqubele, ihlobo noma ubusika, amehlo ethu nokubona kungalimala ngokuchayeka emisebeni ye-UV. Amaphesenti angu-40 okuchayeka kwe-UV kwenzeka lapho singekho emkhanyeni welanga ogcwele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-UV ebonisiwe ilimaza ngendlela efanayo, inyusa ukuchayeka, futhi iphinda kabili ingozi yakho ezimeni ezithile njengamanzi noma iqhwa - isibonelo, amanzi abonisa kufika ku-100% wokukhanya kwe-UV futhi iqhwa libonisa kufika ku-85% wokukhanya kwe-UV.

Iyini imisebe ye-UV?

Ukukhanya okunobude begagasi obungaphansi kuka-400 nm (ama-nanometers) kuchazwa njengemisebe ye-UV futhi ihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu noma amabhande — i-UVA, i-UVB ne-UVC.

• I-UVC:Ubude begagasi: 100-279 nm. Imuncwe ngokuphelele ungqimba lwe-ozone futhi awethuli usongo.
• UVB:Ubude begagasi: 280-314 nm. Ivinjwe kancane kuphela ungqimba lwe-ozone futhi ingashisa isikhumba namehlo okubangela kokubili imiphumela yesikhathi esifushane neyesikhathi eside emehlweni nasekuboneni.
• I-UVA:Ubude begagasi: 315-399 nm. Ayimuncwe ungqimba lwe-ozone futhi ibangele umonakalo omkhulu empilweni yamehlo nombono.

Nakuba ukukhanya kwelanga kuwumthombo oyinhloko wemisebe ye-UV, izibani zokushuka nemibhede nakho kuyimithombo yemisebe ye-UV.

Kungani Amehlo Akho Edinga Ukuvikelwa Kwansuku zonke kwe-UV?

Imisebe ye-UV ingalimaza kakhulu amehlo akho. Alikho inani lokuchayeka emisebeni ye-UV elinempilo emehlweni akho.

Ngokwesibonelo, uma amehlo akho echayeke emisebeni ye-UVB eyeqile ngesikhathi esifushane, ungase ube ne-photokeratitis. Ngokufana "nokushisa kwelanga kweso," ungase ungaboni ubuhlungu noma izimpawu kuze kube amahora ambalwa ngemva kokuchayeka; Nokho, izimpawu zihlanganisa ububomvu, ukuzwela ekukhanyeni, ukudabuka ngokweqile kanye nomuzwa we-gritty esweni. Lesi simo sivamile ezindaweni eziphakeme ezindaweni zeqhwa elicwebezelayo futhi sibizwa ngokuthi ubumpumputhe beqhwa. Ngenhlanhla, njengokushiswa yilanga, lokhu kuvame ukuba ngokwesikhashana futhi ukubona kubuyela kokujwayelekile ngaphandle kokulimala unomphela.

Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emisebeni ye-UV kungalimaza indawo yeso (adnexa) kanye nezakhiwo zalo zangaphakathi, njenge-retina, ulwelwesi lweso olunezinzwa olusetshenziselwa ukubona. Imisebe ye-UV ixhunyaniswe nezimo eziningi zamehlo kanye nezifo ezinjengama-cataract kanye nokonakala kwe-macular, okuholela ekulahlekelweni noma ekwehleni kokubona, kanye nomdlavuza wamehlo (uvela melanoma). Ngaphezu kwalokho, umdlavuza wesikhumba kwijwabu leso noma eduze neso kanye nezimila ezisesweni (pterygium) nazo zivame ukuxhunyaniswa nokuchayeka isikhathi eside emisebeni ye-UV.

Ungawavikela Kanjani Amehlo Akho Emisebeni ye-UV?

Ungavikela amehlo akho emisebeni ye-UV ngokusebenzisa isivikelo samehlo esifanele, ukugqoka isigqoko noma ikepisi elinomphetho obanzi noma usebenzisa amalensi athile okuxhumana. Izibuko zelanga kufanele zibe nesivikelo se-UV esanele, zidlulise u-10-25% wokukhanya okubonakalayo futhi zimunce cishe yonke imisebe ye-UVA ne-UVB. Kufanele amboze ngokugcwele, okuhlanganisa namalensi amakhulu angenakho ukuhlanekezela noma ukungapheleli. Ukwengeza, izibuko zelanga kufanele zigqokwe ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngisho nalapho isibhakabhaka siguqubele, njengoba imisebe ye-UV ingadlula emafwini. Izihlangu eziseceleni noma amafreyimu asongayo angcono kakhulu isikhathi eside ungaphandle kanye nokukhanya kwelanga okugqamile njengoba lokhu kungavimbela ukuchayeka ngengozi.